Respiratory System
Gas exchange involves diffusion across membranes.
Evolutionary strategies have maximized gas diffusion.
Ficks Law of Diffusion gives the general rate of diffusion between two regions the law states that that the rate of diffusion across a membrane is directly proportional to the concentration gradient of the substance on the two sides of the membrane and inversely related to the thickness of the membrane.
External gills which are found in fish and amphibian larvae are only possible in aquatic environments and it also increases the gas exchange surface area.
Branchial chambers which are chambers or cavitys that containthe gills of fish protect gills of some invertebrates.
Gills of bony fishes are covered by the operculum which is a secreted plate that serves to close the aperture of a gastropod mollusk's shell when the animal is retracted.
Cutaneous respiration which is breathing through the skin requires moisture; since amphibians and few reptiles always are moist they use this type of respiration
Tracheal systems which are series of tubes that carry oxygen to cells in an insect’s body are also found in arthropods.
Tracheae and Tracheoles carry air from the outside directly to cells.
Breathing air takes advantage of partial pressure on gases.
Amphibians force air into their lungs by using positive pressure while reptiles pull air by using negative pressure.
Mammal’s lungs are much bigger than those of any other species due to developed aveoli.
The one-way air flow that a bird uses to breathe with is very efficient, its uses two cycles so that fresh air and used air don’t mix.
Breathing works by During breathing, several connected events occur. As air enters through the mouth or nose, the lungs expand with the help of the diaphragm, intercostal and abdominal muscles. The air is cleaned in the nose through tiny hairs, and warmed up in both the nose and the mouth. The air travels down the throat and through the trachea. The trachea moves the air into one of the two lungs.
Lung structure and function support the respiratory cycle.
Breathing rate depends on lung capacity and other factors.
Your Breathing rate is controlled by the nervous system.
Respiratory diseases such as emphysema restrict oxygen flow due to the disease breaking down alvelor walls causing the body to exert more energy to breathe.
Hemoglobin which is a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates it increases ones ability of the blood to transport oxygen.
Most oxygen carried by hemoglobin remains in the blood and is available when needed.
Evolutionary strategies have maximized gas diffusion.
Ficks Law of Diffusion gives the general rate of diffusion between two regions the law states that that the rate of diffusion across a membrane is directly proportional to the concentration gradient of the substance on the two sides of the membrane and inversely related to the thickness of the membrane.
External gills which are found in fish and amphibian larvae are only possible in aquatic environments and it also increases the gas exchange surface area.
Branchial chambers which are chambers or cavitys that containthe gills of fish protect gills of some invertebrates.
Gills of bony fishes are covered by the operculum which is a secreted plate that serves to close the aperture of a gastropod mollusk's shell when the animal is retracted.
Cutaneous respiration which is breathing through the skin requires moisture; since amphibians and few reptiles always are moist they use this type of respiration
Tracheal systems which are series of tubes that carry oxygen to cells in an insect’s body are also found in arthropods.
Tracheae and Tracheoles carry air from the outside directly to cells.
Breathing air takes advantage of partial pressure on gases.
Amphibians force air into their lungs by using positive pressure while reptiles pull air by using negative pressure.
Mammal’s lungs are much bigger than those of any other species due to developed aveoli.
The one-way air flow that a bird uses to breathe with is very efficient, its uses two cycles so that fresh air and used air don’t mix.
Breathing works by During breathing, several connected events occur. As air enters through the mouth or nose, the lungs expand with the help of the diaphragm, intercostal and abdominal muscles. The air is cleaned in the nose through tiny hairs, and warmed up in both the nose and the mouth. The air travels down the throat and through the trachea. The trachea moves the air into one of the two lungs.
Lung structure and function support the respiratory cycle.
Breathing rate depends on lung capacity and other factors.
Your Breathing rate is controlled by the nervous system.
Respiratory diseases such as emphysema restrict oxygen flow due to the disease breaking down alvelor walls causing the body to exert more energy to breathe.
Hemoglobin which is a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates it increases ones ability of the blood to transport oxygen.
Most oxygen carried by hemoglobin remains in the blood and is available when needed.